Data centres used around 2% of global electricity, or 460 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2022, according to the International Energy Agency. This could more than double to 1,000 TWh by 2026.
While many deep-pocketed data customers such as Google, Amazon and Microsoft are ready to pay more for clean energy to power data centres, the intermittency problem remains a hurdle. At night and on cloudy and still days, when solar, wind and battery energy storage is insufficient, data centres will need to rely on electricity generated by gas-fired power stations and transmitted via the national grid. "It's a net-zero solution, not a zero solution," one expert told Gas Matters Today.
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